home Revision Guide Index abbreviations, don't use needless abbreviations academic or bureaucratic prose action and static verbs active voice active and passive voice in Materials and Methods sections adjective clauses adverbs adverb clauses adverb position appositives auxiliary verbs because of vs due to blah blah blah sentence form books about writing brainstorming bureaucratic or academic prose clichés clauses coherence and cohesion comma, serial comprise vs compose coordinating conjunctions dashes dangling infinitives dangling modifiers (dangling participles, gerunds, infinitives) dangling participles dealing with journals (editors and reviewers) dependent clauses, clumsy dependent clauses diction defined direct objects also here and here due to vs because of effective writing first paragraphs gerunds gerund phrases (under verbs and verbals) gerund phrases (under phrases) grammar defined however (is not a coordinating conjunction) identifying sentence components impact in vs into in order to independent clauses infinitives and infinitive phrases intransitive verbs it is .... jargon like vs as main verbs nominalization, in academic/bureaucratic prose, examples nonrestrictive elements nouns as adjectives noun clauses numbers in text, do not repeat    parallel structure paragraphs, how to revise passive expressions common in science passive voice also here past participial phrases phrases plays a role in Politics and the English Language position of adverbs predicate adjectives predicate nominatives prefabricated expressions prepositions - a list prepositional phrases prepositional phrase strings present participial phrases, and here pronoun reference propaganda pseudoreplication relative pronouns repetition, unintended respectively restrictive elements round off to meaningful decimal places scholarly or academic prose semicolons sentence components, identifying sentences, how to revise serial comma splitting infinitives and compound verbs subject subjunctive mood subordination subordinating conjunctions syntax defined tense that and which, excessive use that vs which that (when can you delete it) There are ... 'to be' verbs totally track changes transitive verbs unintended repetition usage defined verbals very voice vs tense weak verbs home